Fractional Laser Technology

Fractional lasers work by delivering laser energy to the skin in a controlled way that only treats a portion, or “fraction,” of the skin. Fractional lasers create controlled micro-injuries in the skin—called microthermal zones—that leave surrounding skin intact. This “fractional” approach triggers the body’s natural healing response while minimizing downtime and risk of complications.

Each microscopic column of laser energy penetrates into the skin to trigger the production of new collagen and elastin, improving skin texture and firmness over time. The surrounding untreated skin acts as a reservoir of healthy tissue that speeds up healing, which is why fractional treatments typically offer faster recovery compared to fully ablative lasers of the past. As damaged skin cells are shed and replaced with healthier tissue, patients experience smoother, more even-toned skin.

Fractional lasers fall into two main categories: non-ablative and ablative. Both types use the same theory of fractional energy delivery, but they differ in how the energy interacts with the skin tissue and what kind of recovery is involved.

1. Non-Ablative Fractional Lasers

• Heat the deeper layers of skin without removing the outermost layer.
• Stimulate collagen growth gradually.
• Less downtime, but still resulting in varying degrees of redness, swelling, and peeling.
• Best for early signs of aging, mild discoloration, and preventive care.

2. Ablative Fractional Lasers

• Remove microscopic columns of both the epidermis and dermis.
• Deliver more dramatic results in fewer treatments.
• Require more downtime due to more intense, but still controlled, injury to the skin
• Ideal for deeper wrinkles, acne scars, and significant sun damage.

• Smooths fine lines and wrinkles
• Improves acne scars and surgical scars
• Evens out pigmentation and sunspots
• Tightens skin and refines pores
• Enhances skin tone and texture
• Reduced downtime compared to traditional resurfacing

Because the depth and intensity of treatment can be adjusted, fractional lasers can be customized to treat many different skin types and conditions—with personalized plans to match your skin goals and schedule.

Fractional laser treatments are suitable for a wide range of skin tones and ages, though certain settings may be more appropriate for specific skin types. Devices vary in wavelength, depth of penetration, and energy delivery. Choosing the right one depends on your specific concerns, skin type, and tolerance for downtime.

At Vue Dermatology & Laser, we offer state-of-the-art fractional laser treatments using Fraxel® Dual—a highly trusted non-ablative fractional laser that treats both superficial and deeper layers of the skin for comprehensive results. In a separate article, we’ll explore how the Fraxel Dual works, what to expect during your treatment, and how it compares to other resurfacing options.